Top Tips on How to Use Assistive Devices Effectively

As we age or manage mobility-related conditions like Parkinson’s Disease, arthritis, or balance issues, assistive devices can play a crucial role in maintaining independence and improving safety. Whether you’re using a cane, walker, or other mobility aids, learning how to use these tools properly can make all the difference in your comfort and confidence. Here are my top tips to help you get the most out of your assistive devices!

1. Choose the Right Device for Your Needs

There are many types of assistive devices, and it’s important to pick the one that suits your specific needs. Here’s a quick guide to some common options:

- Canes: Great for those needing a little extra balance or weight support on one side.

- Walkers: Provide more stability and support for those who may feel unsteady or need more balance assistance. There are two main styles available: those with two front wheels and those without any wheels. Those with wheels are best for people who need the walker primarily for balance; those without any wheels are best for people who have greater weakness in their legs and need the extra support, though they do require more energy to use as the walker has to be picked up repeatedly.

- Rollators: A walker with wheels, ideal for those who need stability but want to move more fluidly without lifting a walker, and for those people who tire easily and need to sit down often to rest.

- Grab Bars and Handrails: Not technically "devices," but they’re essential in the bathroom, stairs, or other places where you need a little extra support.

Consult with a healthcare provider, like a physical therapist, to determine the most appropriate device for your mobility level and lifestyle.

2. Adjust the Device to Fit You Properly

Once you’ve chosen the right device, it’s crucial to ensure that it’s properly adjusted to your body. Using an assistive device that’s too high or too low can lead to discomfort, strain, or even falls. Here’s how to check the fit:

- Canes and Walkers: Your cane or walker height should allow your elbow to bend slightly (about 15-20 degrees) when you hold the handle. When standing with your arms relaxed at your sides, the handle should line up with the crease of your wrist.

- Rollators: Make sure the handles are at the proper height and that the seat (if applicable) is a comfortable height for sitting and rising.

A physical therapist can help adjust your device to ensure a perfect fit, preventing unnecessary strain on your joints and muscles.

3. Use Proper Walking Technique

For canes:

- Hold the cane in the hand opposite your weaker or affected leg.

- Move the cane forward as you step with the weaker leg, using the cane to support your weight. Read more about the importance of a reciprocal walking pattern.

For walkers:

- Move the walker forward a step before you step forward.

- Place all four legs of the walker on the ground before moving, keeping it close to you as you walk.

For rollators:

- Push the rollator ahead of you as you walk, ensuring that you don’t lean too heavily on it for support. Use the brakes when you need to slow down, to pause, or to sit down on the seat.

4. Take Your Time

When you first begin using an assistive device, it can take a bit of time to get used to it. Don’t rush the process! Practice moving slowly and deliberately to ensure you’re comfortable and steady. Over time, your confidence and mobility will improve, but it’s important to prioritize safety first.

5. Keep Your Pathways Clear

It’s essential to have a clutter-free environment when using any assistive device. Make sure hallways, entryways, and frequently used spaces are free of loose rugs, cords, or other trip hazards. In the bathroom, non-slip mats and grab bars can provide additional support. Good lighting also helps you navigate safely, especially at night.

6. Inspect and Maintain Your Device

Regular maintenance ensures your assistive device continues to work as intended. Some tips:

- Check for Wear and Tear: Periodically inspect the rubber tips on your cane or walker for signs of wear, as they can become slippery or uneven.

- Keep Rollators and Walkers Rolling Smoothly: If your rollator has wheels, check that they move freely and don’t wobble. Make sure the brakes are functioning properly.

- Replace Parts as Needed: If you notice anything worn out or broken, replace the parts promptly to prevent accidents.

7. Consider Adding Accessories

To make using your assistive device even more practical, consider helpful accessories:

- Walker Baskets or Pouches: These can help you carry small items without the need for extra bags or stress on your hands.

- Cane Tips with Extra Grip: For use on uneven surfaces like gravel or grass, consider using specialized tips that add stability.

- Lights or Reflectors: If you’re using a rollator or walker, lights or reflective tape can be helpful when moving around in dimly lit areas, particularly in the early mornings or evenings.

8. Practice Balance and Strength Exercises

Even if you’re using an assistive device, maintaining your balance and strength is critical for long-term mobility. Regularly engaging in balance exercises, like tai chi or yoga, or strength-building activities, such as resistance training, can help you rely less on the device and feel more confident moving around. A physical therapist can guide you on the best exercises for your ability level.

9. Seek Professional Guidance

It’s always a good idea to check in with a physical therapist when using a new assistive device. A PT can ensure you’re using the device correctly and teach you additional strategies to enhance your mobility, prevent falls, and build confidence. They can also offer personalized advice on exercises and techniques to further support your independence.

10. Stay Patient and Positive

Learning to use an assistive device is a journey, and it can feel a bit frustrating at times. Give yourself grace as you adapt, and focus on the fact that you’re taking steps toward staying active and independent. With time, you’ll become more comfortable and confident using your device, allowing you to continue living life to the fullest.